Cancer Can be Driven By A DNA

The researchers found the relation between Cancer and DNA. The group of researchers found the patient reporting strange tumour cells with glioblastoma, a highly aggressive form of brain Cancer. The genomic sequencing group tumours displayed a specific growth-promoting oncogene. The drug was given to the patients but they showed no improvement.

The tumours were removed surgically and researchers noticed the number of copies of the targeted epidermal growth factor receptor gene, probably giving them the advantage to escape the drugs, and they had evolved these genetic differences at a rate. The cancers are evolving over many cell divisions, as the cells carrying genetic changes that provide a fitness advantage. That provides an ability to resist a particular treatment that will survive and divide.

The chromosomal DNA, which is replicated and divided up equally among daughter cells during cell division, the extrachromosomal found in some cancer cells is not always split evenly. Lacking centromeres, these circular bits of  are often unevenly parceled to daughter cells. Some daughter cells receive more ecDNA, which they then duplicate, so the copy number of oncogenes in those cells rises quickly. Moreover, because each cell division is essentially a “coin flip” with regard to ec inheritance, variation among the cancerous cell population is preserved, providing an ample supply of the fuel needed for natural selection. These two features in combination could enable Cancers containing ecDNA to evolve much more rapidly than cancers lacking ec can.

The circular nature of the  can allow the gene interactions that may support the increased transcription of oncogenes, as genetic elements normally found in distant parts of the genome may come together to interact. While additional regulatory sequences  sit at the stem of a loop structure and ensure that regulatory sequences such as enhancers work only on their nearby target genes, the circular shape of extrachromosomal  generates new interactions with additional regulatory sequences that would not normally occur on chromosomal DNA.